Treatment of the HIV-infection
Unlike other infectious diseases, HIV cannot be cured. Thus, the aim of the therapy is to delay the course of infection, to avoid the occurrence of diseases and to enable a healthy and long life. Due to the availability of medication the life expectancy has increased substantially.
Aim of treatment is the delay of the multiplication of the virus and the stabilisation of the immune system. On the other hand, an effective therapy requires the regular and, in most cases, lifelong intake of drugs. Viral resistance may develop when drugs are not taken regularly. With the occurrence of resistances, therapy may become ineffective.
Drugs that are used for the HIV-infection, are called “antiretroviral therapy” or “ART”. Normally, a combination of different substances is used.
Presently, 5 different categories of substances are approved:
|
NRTI |
= |
Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors |
|
NNRTI |
= |
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors |
|
PI |
= |
Protease Inhibitors: |
|
EI |
= |
Fusion Inhibitors: |
|
INI |
= |
Integrase Inhibitors: |
|
NRTI trade name |
Generic name |
Abbreviation |
|
Combivir® |
Zidovudin+Lamivudin |
CBV |
|
Epivir® |
Lamivudin |
3TC |
|
Retrovir® |
Zidovudin |
AZT |
|
Ziagen® |
Abacavir |
ABC |
|
Kivexa® |
Abacavir+Lamivudin |
KVX |
|
Trizivir® |
Zidovudin+Lamivudin+Abacavir |
TZV |
|
Zerit® |
Stavudin |
D4T |
|
Videx® |
Didanosin |
ddI |
|
Emtriva® |
Emtricitabin |
FTC |
|
Hivid® |
Zalcitabin |
ddC |
|
Viread® |
Tenofovir |
TDF |
|
Truvada® |
Tenofovir+Emtricitabin |
TVD |
|
NRTI trade name |
Generic name |
Abbreviation |
|
Sustiva® |
Efavirenz |
EFV |
|
Viramune® |
Nevirapin |
NVP |
|
Rescriptor® |
Delavirdin |
DLV |
|
Intelence® |
Etravirine |
ETR |
|
NRTI trade name |
Generic name |
Abbreviation |
|
Agenerase® |
Amprenavir |
APV |
|
Telzir® |
Fosamprenavir |
FPV |
|
Crixivan® |
Indinavir |
IDV |
|
Invirase 500® |
Saquinavir |
SQV |
|
Kaletra® |
Lopinavir/Ritonavir |
LPV/r |
|
Reyataz® |
Atazanavir |
ATV |
|
Viracept® |
Nelfinavir |
NFV |
|
Aptivus® |
Tipranavir |
TPV |
|
Prezista® |
Darunavir |
DRV |
|
Norvir® |
Ritonavir |
/r (RTV) |
|
EI Handelsname |
Generischer Name |
Kürzel |
|
Celsentri® |
Maraviroc |
MVC |
|
Fuzeon® |
Enfuvirtide |
T-20 |
|
INI trade name |
Generic name |
Abbrevation |
|
Isentress® |
Raltegravir |
RAL |
For more information in German please check
Antiretrovirale Therapie von Andreas Plettenberg und Thore Lorenzen, in Buch: Infektionskrankheiten der Haut, Thieme Verlag, 2010
or
HIV-infection- antiretroviral therapy